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Improving sodium ion batteries with mechanically robust nanocellular graphene

Improving sodium ion batteries with mechanically robust nanocellular graphene
Schematic illustration for the formation NCG during liquid metal dealloying of amorphous manganese-carbon (Mn-C) alloy in a molten bismuth (Bi) to induce selective dissolution of manganese (Mn) atoms and self-organization of carbon (C) atoms into graphene layers. Credit: Advanced Materials (2024). DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311792

Ever since its discovery in 2004, graphene has been revolutionizing the field of materials science and beyond. Graphene comprises two-dimensional sheets of carbon atoms, bonded into a thin hexagonal shape with a thickness of one atom layer. This gives it remarkable physical and chemical properties.

Despite its thinness, is incredibly strong, lightweight, flexible, and transparent. It also exhibits extraordinary electrical and , , and impermeability to gases. From high-speed transistors to biosensors, it boasts an unrivaled versatility in applications.

Nanocellular graphene (NCG) is a specialized form of graphene that achieves a large specific surface area by stacking multiple layers of graphene and controlling its internal structure with a nanoscale cellular morphology.

NCG is coveted for its potential to improve the performance of electronic devices, energy devices and sensors. But its development has been stymied by defects that occur during the . Cracks often appear when forming NCG, and scientists are looking for new processing technologies that can fabricate homogeneous, crack-free and seamless NCGs at appropriate scales.

"We discovered that rapidly self-assemble into crack-free NCG during dealloying of an amorphous Mn-C precursor in a molten bismuth," says Won-Young Park, a graduate student at Tohoku University.

The findings are in the journal Advanced Materials.

Dealloying is a processing technique that exploits the varying miscibility of alloy components in a molten metal bath. This process selectively corrodes certain components of the alloy while preserving others.

Park and his colleagues demonstrated that NCGs developed by this method exhibited high tensile strength and high conductivity after graphitization. Moreover, they put the material to the test in a sodium-ion battery (SIB).

"We used the developed NCG as an active material and current collector in a SIB, where it demonstrated a high rate, long life and excellent deformation resistance. Ultimately, our method of making crack-free NCG will make it possible to raise the performance and flexibility of SIBs鈥攁n alternative technology to lithium-ion batteries for certain applications, particularly in large-scale energy storage and stationary power systems where cost, safety, and sustainability considerations are paramount."

More information: Wong鈥怸oung Park et al, Mechanically Robust Self鈥怬rganized Crack鈥怓ree Nanocellular Graphene with Outstanding Electrochemical Properties in Sodium Ion Battery, Advanced Materials (2024).

Journal information: Advanced Materials

Provided by Tohoku University

Citation: Improving sodium ion batteries with mechanically robust nanocellular graphene (2024, April 8) retrieved 1 August 2025 from /news/2024-04-sodium-ion-batteries-mechanically-robust.html
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