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Research has shown that Coulomb's law is insufficient for describing friction between sliding interfaces, as these interfaces are always sliding at imperceptible rates. Using digital image correlation, it was observed that surfaces slide at rates as small as 10-12 meters per second. This supports rate-and-state laws, which predict continuous shear movement. Additionally, the study quantified "healing," where prolonged contact increases resistance to sliding, impacting earthquake modeling and material engineering.
