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Researchers of the Universitat Polit猫cnica de Val猫ncia have developed a prototype of electronic "nose" for the detection of chemical warfare gases, fundamentally nerve gases (Sarin, Soman and Tabun). 

The "nose" consists of fifteen commercial sensors, a data acquisition system and a computer connected to this system. Through the sensors, the nose "smells" or registers the gases in the environment and then it processes the data obtained using a recognition pattern, in order to warn of the presence of one gas or another.

"The system registers the signs of gas through metal oxide semiconductor sensors (MOS), which respond to gases in a characteristic way. Then, the signs obtained are mathematically processed to obtain the different recognition patterns to discriminate between the different gases we have worked with", says Ram贸n Mart铆nez M谩帽ez, head of the Institute of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development of the Universitat Polit猫cnica de Val猫ncia.

According to the researchers, there are detection systems already on the market, but the most of them are based on physical or enzymatic methodologies and have some deficiencies such as a low selectivity, in addition to being rather costly.

"The use of the electronic nose technology aims to create a device that detects these warfare gases in an efficient, quick, simple and cheap way", says Cristian Olgu铆n, researcher at the Institute of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development of the Universitat Polit猫cnica de Val猫ncia.

With regard to its possible formats, Ram贸n Mart铆nez M谩帽ez explains that these devices could be both portable, to take measures in concrete settings where a chemical attack is suspected, and fixed, for a continuous environment monitoring.

"In the future, they could be used, for example, in transport infrastructures such as airports or train stations, as well as in other national security services", adds Mart铆nez M谩帽ez.

In order to test the performance of their devices, the researchers performed different tests in the laboratory using gas simulants, which react in the same way but are less toxic. "The results prove that this technology is already mature and it would be very useful in the security sector, although there are still many steps to be taken before it is commercially implemented", says Mart铆nez M谩帽ez.